Cilt 12 Sayı 4 (2024): Business & Management Studies: An International Journal
Makaleler

Üretken yapay zekâdaki etik sorunlar: Sistematik bir inceleme

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  • Esra Cengiz Tırpan
Esra Cengiz Tırpan
Arş. Görv., Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi, Bilecik, Türkiye

Yayınlanmış 25.12.2024

Anahtar Kelimeler

  • Üretken Yapay Zekâ, Etik, Etik Sorunlar, PRISMA
  • Generative Artificial Intelligence, Ethics, Ethical Issues, PRISMA

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

Üretken yapay zekâdaki etik sorunlar: Sistematik bir inceleme. (2024). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 12(4), 729-747. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v12i4.2431

Telif Hakkı (c) 2024 Esra Cengiz Tırpan

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Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

Üretken yapay zekâdaki etik sorunlar: Sistematik bir inceleme. (2024). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 12(4), 729-747. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v12i4.2431

Öz

Üretken yapay zekâ (ÜYZ) teknolojisi hızla gelişirken, pazara yeni araçlar sunulmakta ve eğitimden sağlık hizmetlerine kadar birçok alanda kullanımı hızla artmaktadır. Bu nedenle, etik araştırmalar bu gelişmelerle birlikte ilerlemeli ve ortaya çıkan yeni zorlukları ele almalıdır. Bu şekilde, yapay zekanın olası zararları önlenebilir ve topluma fayda sağlanabilir. Bu çalışma, üretken AI kullanımındaki etik sorunları belirlemek, öne çıkan konuları vurgulamak ve sistematik bir literatür taraması yoluyla genel bir bakış sağlamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üretken yapay zekanın etik yönlerini inceleyen makaleleri belirlemek için Scopus, Web of Science ve ScienceDirect veri tabanlarında sistematik bir arama yıl kısıtlaması eklemeden yürütülmüştür. Arama “generative artificial intelligence”, “generative AI”, “GenAI” veya “GAI,” ile “ethic,” “ethics,” veya “ethical” terimleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmalar, “Sistematik İncelemeler ve Meta-Analizler için Tercih Edilen Raporlama Öğeleri yönergeleri (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-PRISMA)” kullanılarak seçilmiştir. Tarama sürecinden sonra, araştırmaya 43 makale dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, incelenen makalelerin tamamında “eşitlik ve adalet" ilkesine vurgu yapıldığı görülmüştür. En az incelenen etik ilkeler ise toplumda ya da grupta birliği ifade eden "dayanışma" ilkesi ile bireyin kendisine ve haklarına duyduğu değer anlamına gelen "saygınlık" ilkesidir. 43 makalenin yazarlarının ülke bilgileri Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (n = 31), Çin (n = 15) ve Birleşik Krallık (n= 13) şeklindedir. İncelenen 43 makaleden 41'inde örnek olarak da olsa ChatGPT'den bahsedilmiştir. Bu çalışma, ÜYZ’nin etik kullanımına dair literatürü inceleyerek, etik kullanıma ilişkin zorlukları ve çözüm yollarını ortaya koymaktadır.

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