Cilt 9 Sayı 2 (2021): Business & Management Studies: An International Journal
Makaleler

COVID-19 döneminde algılanan tehdit, kaygı ve dürtüsel satın alma ilişkisinde algılanan duyarlılığın ve ciddiyetin moderatör rolü

PDF
  • Mehmet Sağlam,
  • E. Başak Tavman
Mehmet Sağlam
Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi
E. Başak Tavman
Arş. Gör, Işık Üniversitesi

Yayınlanmış 25.06.2021

Anahtar Kelimeler

  • COVID-19, Algılanan Tehdit, Kaygı, Dürtüsel Satın Alma, Algılanan Duyarlılık, Algılanan Ciddiyet
  • COVID-19, Perceived Threat, Anxiety, Impulsive Buying, Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Severity

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

COVID-19 döneminde algılanan tehdit, kaygı ve dürtüsel satın alma ilişkisinde algılanan duyarlılığın ve ciddiyetin moderatör rolü. (2021). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 9(2), 673-693. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v9i2.1819

Telif Hakkı (c) 2021 Mehmet Sağlam- E. Başak Tavman

Creative Commons License

Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

COVID-19 döneminde algılanan tehdit, kaygı ve dürtüsel satın alma ilişkisinde algılanan duyarlılığın ve ciddiyetin moderatör rolü. (2021). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 9(2), 673-693. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v9i2.1819

Öz

Tüm dünyanın gündemine oturan küresel COVID-19 salgını milyarlarca insan arasında korku, panik ve belirsizliği tetikleyerek tüketicilerin dürtüsel satın alma davranışı sergilemesine neden olmuştur. Bu davranışın öncüllerinin ve düzenleyicilerinin neler olduğu ise merak konusudur. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki COVID-19 salgını bağlamında uyarıcı-organizma-tepki (S-O-R) Paradigması ve Sağlık İnanç Modeli çerçevesinde, algılanan tehdidin (uyarıcı) kaygı (organizma) üzerindeki etkileri ve kaygının dürtüsel satın alma davranışı (tepki) üzerindeki etkileri incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ek olarak, algılanan duyarlılık ve algılanan ciddiyet değişkenlerinin bu ilişkiler üzerindeki düzenleyici etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada kolayda örnekleme ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmış ve veriler Google Forms üzerinden online anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Çalışma 403 katılımcı üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS 24 ve AMOS 24 programları kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, algılanan tehdidin kaygı üzerinde etkisi olduğu ve algılanan duyarlılık ve ciddiyetin bu ilişkide düzenleyici role sahip olduğu, ayrıca kaygının dürtüsel satın alma üzerinde etkisi olduğu ve yine algılanan duyarlılık ve ciddiyetin bu ilişkide düzenleyici role sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

PDF

Referanslar

  1. American Psychological Association: https://dictionary.apa.org/anxiety adresinden alındı
  2. Addo, P. C., Jiaming, F., Kulbo, N. B., & Liangqiang, L. (2020). COVID-19: fear appeal favoring purchase behavior towards personal protective equipment. The Service Industries Journal, 40(7-8), 471-490.
  3. Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S., Yıldırım, E., (2012). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. (7.Baskı). Adapazarı: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  4. Bagozzi, R. P. (1986). Principles of marketing management. Science Research Associates.
  5. Beck, A. T., & Clark, D. A. (1997). An information processing model of anxiety: Automatic and strategic processes. Behaviour research and therapy, 35(1), 49-58.
  6. Baron, R. M., ve Kenny, D. A., (1986). “The Moderator–Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6).
  7. Becker, M. H., & Maiman, L. A. (1980). Strategies for enhancing patient compliance. Journal of community health, 113-135.
  8. Bellini, S., Cardinali, M. G., & Grandi, B. (2017). A structural equation model of impulse buying behaviour in grocery retailing. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 36, 164–171.
  9. Bergeron, S. L., & Sanchez, A. L. (2005). Media effects on students during SARS outbreak. Emerging infectious diseases, 11(5), 732–734.
  10. Bish, A., & Michie, S. (2010). Demographic and attitudinal determinants of protective behaviours during a pandemic: A review. British journal of health psychology, 15(4), 797-824.
  11. Bults, M., Beaujean, D. J., Richardus, J. H., & Voeten, H. A. (2015). Perceptions and behavioral responses of the general public during the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic: a systematic review. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness, 9(2), 207-219.
  12. Butler, G., & Mathews, A. (1987). Anticipatory anxiety and risk perception. Cognitive therapy and research, 11(5), 551-565.
  13. Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., & Xu, X. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry research, 287.
  14. Carico , R. R., Sheppard, J., & Thomas, C. B. (2021). Community pharmacists and communication in the time of COVID-19: Applying the health belief model. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 17, 1984-1987.
  15. Champion, V. L. (1984). Instrument development for health belief model constructs. Advances in nursing science, 6(3), 73–85.
  16. Champion, V. L., & Skinner, C. S. (2008). The health belief model. Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice, 4, 45-65.
  17. Chin, W.W.,Gopal, A., Salisbury, W.D., (1997). “Advancing the Theory of Adaptive Struc turation: The Development of a Scale to Measure Faithfulness of Appropriation”, Information Systems Research, 8(4), 342–367.
  18. COVID-19 Insights: Consumer Behavior. (2021, Şubat 10). Ipsos: https://www.ipsos.com/en-dk/COVID-19-insights-consumer-behaviour (2021, Mart 16).
  19. Çokluk, Ö. S., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, S. (2012), “Multivariate statistics for social sciences SPSS and Lisrel applications”, Ankara: Pegem Academi
  20. D'Antoni, J. S., & Shenson, H. L. (1973). Impulse Buying Revisited-Behavioral Typology. Journal of Retailing, 49(1).
  21. De Pietri , S., & Chiorri, C. (2021). Early impact of COVID-19 quarantine on the perceived change of anxiety symptoms in a non-clinical, non-infected Italian sample Effect of COVID-19 quarantine on anxiety. Journal of affective disorders reports, 4.
  22. Dittmar, H. (2005). “Compulsive Buying – A Growing Concern? An Examination of Gender, Age, and Endorsement of Materialistic Values as Predictors. British Journal of Psychology, 96, 467–491.
  23. Donovan, R., & Rossiter, J. (1982). Store atmosphere: an environmental psychology approach. Journal of retailing, 58(1), 34-57.
  24. Donthu, N., & Gustafsson, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of Business Research, 117, 284–289.
  25. Duan, L., & Zhu, G. (2020). Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), 300-302.
  26. Farooq, A., Laato, S., & Islam, A. N. (2020). Impact of online information on self-isolation intention during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional study. Journal of medical Internet research, 22(5), 1-15.
  27. Fast, S. M., González, M. C., Wilson, J. M., & Markuzon, N. (2015). Modelling the propagation of social response during a disease outbreak. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 12(104), 20141105.
  28. Ferguson, N. (2007). Capturing human behaviour. Nature, 446(7137), 733-733.
  29. Fiske, D.W. (1982). Convergent-discriminant validation in measurements and Research strategies, D. Brinberg ve L. Kidder (Eds.), New directions for methodology of social and behavioral science: Forms of validity in Research. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  30. Fornell, C., ve Larcker F. D., (1981). “Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error”, Journal of Marketing Research,18, 39-50.
  31. Fu , S., Chen , X., & Zheng , H. (2020). Exploring an adverse impact of smartphone overuse on academic performance via health issues: a stimulus-organism-response perspective. Behaviour & Information Technology, 1-13.
  32. Goodwin, R., Haque, S., Neto , F., & Myers , L. B. (2009). Initial psychological responses to Influenza A, H1N1 ("Swine flu"). BMC Infectious Diseases, 9(1), 1-6.
  33. Hair J. F. J., Black C.W., Babin J.B., Anderson, E.R., and Tatham, L. R. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall Inc.
  34. Hair, J. F., William C. B., Bary J. B., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis, Seventh Edition, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  35. Hawryluck, L., Gold, W. L., Robinson, S., Pogorski, S., Galea, S., & Styra, R. (2004). SARS control and psychological effects of quarantine, Toronto, Canada. Emerging infectious diseases, 10(7).
  36. Hayden, J. A. (2009). Health belief model. introduction to health behavior theory. Canada: Jones and Barlett Publishers.
  37. Honigsbaum, M. (2013). A history of the great influenza pandemics: death, panic and hysteria, 1830-1920 (Vol. 30). IB Tauris.
  38. Islam, T., Sheikh, Z., Hameed, Z., & Khan, I. U. (2018). Social comparison, materialism, and compulsive buying based on stimulus-response-model: a comparative study among adolescents and young adults. Young Consumers, 19, 19-37.
  39. Jeong, H., Yim, H. W., Song, Y.-J., Ki, M., Min, J.-A., Cho, J., & Chae, J.-H. (2016). Mental health status of people isolated due to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. Epidemiology and health, 38.
  40. Joshi , Y., & Rahman, Z. (2015). Factors affecting green purchase behaviour and future research directions. International Strategic management review, 3(1-2), 128-143.
  41. Jöreskog, K. G., ve Sörbom, D., (1984). Lisrel VI. “Analysis of Linear Structural Relationships by Maximum Likelihood, Instrumental Variables, and Least Squares Methods”, Mooresville, Indiana: Scientific Software.
  42. Kim, S.-W., & Su, K.-P. (2020). Using psychoneuroimmunity against COVID-19. Brain, behavior, and immunity, 87, 4-5.
  43. Laato, S., Islam, A. N., Farooq, A., & Dhir, A. (2020). Unusual purchasing behavior during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: The stimulus-organism-response approach. Journal of Retailing and Consumer, 57.
  44. Lin, T. T., & Bautista, J. R. (2016). Predicting intention to take protective measures during haze: The roles of efficacy, threat, media trust, and affective attitude. Journal of health communication, 21(7), 790-799.
  45. Ling, M., Kothe, E. J., & Mullan, B. A. (2019). Predicting intention to receive a seasonal influenza vaccination using Protection Motivation Theory. Social Science & Medicine, 233, 87-92.
  46. Liu, H., Chu, H., Huang, Q., & Chen, X. (2016). Enhancing the flow experience of consumers in China through interpersonal interaction in social commerce. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 306-314.
  47. Marteau, T. M., & Bekker, H. (1992). The development of a six‐item short‐form of the state scale of the Spielberger State—Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). British journal of clinical Psychology, 31(1), 301-306.
  48. Mehrabian, A., & Russell, J. A. (1974). An approach to environmental psychology. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  49. Meydan, C. H., ve Şeşen, H., (2011). Structural Equation Modeling AMOS Applications, Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık
  50. Mohan, G., Sivakumaran, B., & Sharma, P. (2013). Impact of store environment on impulse buying behavior. European Journal of marketing.
  51. Mooi. E., and Sarstedt, M. (2011). A concise guide to market research: The process, data, and methods using IBM SPSS Statistics. New York: Springer.
  52. Müller, A., Mitchell, J. E., Crosby, R. D., Cao, L., Johnson, J., Claes, L., & Zwaan, M. (2012). Mood states preceding and following compulsive buying episodes: An ecological momentary assessment study. Psychiatry Research, 200(2-3), 575-580.
  53. Naeem, M. (2021). Understanding the customer psychology of impulse buying during COVID-19 pandemic: implications for retailers. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 49(3), 377-393.
  54. Netemeyer, R.,G. Bearden, W. O., ve Sharma, S., (2003). “Scaling Procedures: Issues and Applications”. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication.
  55. Özyılmaz, A., ve Eser. S. (2013). Ortak Metod Varyansı Nedir? Nasıl Kontrol Edilebilir?, 21.Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi. 1. Basım. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, 500-508.
  56. Pandita, S., Mishra, H. G., & Chib, S. (2021). Psychological impact of COVID-19 crises on students through the lens of Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model. Children and Youth Services Review, 120, 105783.
  57. Paredes, M. R., Apaolaza, V., Fernandez-Robin, C., Hartmann, P., & Yañez-Martinez, D. (2021). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on subjective mental well-being: The interplay of perceived threat, future anxiety and resilience. Personality and Individual Difference, 170.
  58. Peck, J., & Childers, T. L. (2006). If I touch it I have to have it: Individual and environmental influences on impulse purchasing. Journal of business research, 59(6), 765-769.
  59. Peng, C., & Kim, Y. G. (2014). Application of the stimuli-organism-response (SOR) framework to online shopping behavior. Journal of Internet Commerce, 13(3-4), 159-176.
  60. Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., and Podsakoff, N.P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it, Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539–569. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452
  61. Prakash, A., & Sharma, A. (2016). Dimensions of Point of Purchase Factors in Impulsive Buying of Women’s Skincare Cosmetics in India. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 10(2), 30-43.
  62. Retail customer experience. (2020, Mart 15). COVID-19 spurring impulse spending, reveals survey: https://www.retailcustomerexperience.com/news/COVID-19-spurring-impulse-spending-reveals-survey/ adresinden alındı
  63. Richardson, H.A., Simmering, M.J., & Sturman, M.C. (2009). A tale of three perspectives: Examining post hoc statistical techniques for detection and correction of common method variance, Organizational Research Methods, 12, 762–800. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428109332834.
  64. Rogers, R. W. (1975). A protection motivation theory of fear appeals and attitude change1. The journal of psychology, 91(1), 93-114.
  65. Rohleder, P. (2012). Critical issues in clinical and health psychology. London: SAGE Publications.
  66. Rook , D. W., & Hoch, S. J. (1985). Consuming Impulse. Journal of Advances in Consumer Research, 12(1), 23-27.
  67. Rook, D. W. (1987). The buying impulse. Journal of consumer research, 14(2), 189-199.
  68. Rubin, G. J., Amlot, R., Page, L., & Wessely, S. (2009). Public perceptions, anxiety, and behaviour change in relation to the swine flu outbreak: cross sectional telephone survey. Bmj, 1-8.
  69. Ruthig, J. C. (2016). Health risk perceptions and exercise in older adulthood: an application of protection motivation theory. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 35(9), 939-959.
  70. Šeinauskienė, B., Maščinskienė, J., & Jucaitytė, I. (2015). The relationship of happiness, impulse buying and brand loyalty. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 213, 687-693.
  71. Shahzad , F., Du, J., Khan, I., Fateh, A., Shahbaz, M., Abbas, A., & Wattoo , M. U. (2020). Perceived Threat of COVID-19 Contagion and Frontline Paramedics' Agonistic Behaviour: Employing a Stressor–Strain–Outcome Perspective. Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14).
  72. Shaikh, A. (2020). Effective factors in changing the buying behavior of consumer due to COVID-19. Studies in Indian Place Names, 40(68), 408-414.
  73. Shao, T. A. (2002). Marketing Research: An aid to Decision Making. SouthWestern/Thomson Learning.
  74. Sheeran, P., & Abraham, C. (1996). The health belief model. P. Sheeran, C. Abraham, M. Conner, & P. Norman (Dü) içinde, Predicting health behaviour: Research and practice with social cognition models (s. 23-61). Open University Press.
  75. Sheth, J. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on consumer behaviour: will the old habits return or die. Journal of Business Research, 117, 280-283.
  76. Skinner, B. F. (1935). The generic nature of the concepts of stimulus and response. The Journal of General Psychology, 12(1), 40-65.
  77. Slama, M. E., & Tashchian, A. (1987). Validating the SOR paradigm for consumer involvement with a convenience good. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 15(1), 36-45.
  78. SlickDeals. (2020). Americans increased impulse spending by 18% during the COVID - 19 pandemic. Mart 20, 2021 tarihinde https://www. prnewswire.com/news-releases/americans-increased-impulse-spending-by-18-percent-during-the-COVID-19-pandemic-according-to-new-survey-commissioned-by-slickdeals-301055530.html adresinden alındı
  79. Slovic, P., Fischhoff, B., & Lichtenstein, S. (1982). Why study risk perception? Risk analysis, 2(2), 83-93.
  80. Sofi, S. A., & Nika, F. A. (2017). Role of Intrinsic Factors in Impulsive Buying Decision: An Empirical Study of Young Consumers. Arab Economic and Business Journal, 1(2), 29–43.
  81. Song , S., Yao, X., & Wen, N. (2021). What motivates Chinese consumers to avoid information about the COVID-19 pandemic?: The perspective of the stimulus-organism-response model. Information Processing & Management, 58(1).
  82. Spence, K. W. (1950). Cognitive versus stimulus-response theories of learning. Psychological Review, 57(3), 159–172.
  83. Sreelakshmi, C. C., & Prathap, S. K. (2020). Continuance adoption of mobile-based payments in COVID-19 context: an integrated framework of health belief model and expectation confirmation model. International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, 16(4), 351-369.
  84. Tehseen, S., Ramayah, T., and Sajilan, S. (2017). Testing and Controlling for Common Method Variance: A Review of Available Methods, Journal of Management Sciences, 4(2), 146-175. https://doi.org/10.20547/jms.2014.1704202
  85. Valence, G., d'Astous, A., & Fortier, L. (1988). Compulsive buying: Concept and measurement. Journal of consumer policy, 11(4), 419-433.
  86. Verhagen, T., & Van Dolen, W. (2011). The influence of online store beliefs on consumer online impulse buying: A model and empirical application. Information & Management, 48(8), 320-327.
  87. Verplanken, B., Herabadi, A. G., Perry, J. A., & Silvera, D. H. (2005). Consumer style and health: The role of impulsive buying in unhealthy eating. Psychology & Health, 20(4), 429-441.
  88. Wang , C., Pan , R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(5), 1-25.
  89. Wheaton, M. G., Berman, N. C., Franklin, J. C., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2010). Health anxiety: Latent structure and associations with anxiety-related psychological processes in a student sample. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32(4), 565-574.
  90. Xiao , H., Zhang, Z., & Zhang, L. (2020). A diary study of impulsive buying during the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Psychology, 1-13.
  91. Yang, Z. J. (2012). Too Scared or Too Capable? Why Do College Students Stay Away from the H1N1 Vaccine? Risk Analysis: An International Journal, 32(10), 1703-1716.
  92. Yazıcıoğlu, Y. ve Erdoğan, S. (2004). SPSS Uygulamalı Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  93. Yıldız, U., (2020). Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon Modelinin Uzantıları, Edt. Timurler, M.S. Ekonominin Temelleri, Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Fakültesi Yayınları. Eskişerhir.
  94. Yuen, K. F., Wang, X., Ma, F., & Li, K. X. (2020). The psychological causes of panic buying following a health crisis. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(10), 3513.
  95. Zhang, H., Lub, Y., Gupta, S., & Zhao, L. (2014). What motivates customers to participate in social commerce? The impact of technological environments and virtual customer experiences. Information & Management, 51(8), 1017-1030.
  96. Zhao, X., & Cai, X. (2009). The role of risk, efficacy, and anxiety in smokers' cancer information seeking. Health Communication, 24(3), 259-269.
  97. Zheng, L., Lippke, S., Chen, Y., Li, D., & Gan, Y. (2019). Future orientation buffers depression in daily and specific stress. PsyCh journal, 8(3), 342-352.
  98. Zheng, L., Miao, M., Lim, J., Li, M., Nie, S., & Zhang, X. (2020). Is lockdown bad for social anxiety in COVID-19 regions?: a national study in the SOR perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4561.
  99. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66935/genel-koronavirus-tablosu.html

Benzer Makaleler

Bu makale için ayrıca gelişmiş bir benzerlik araması başlat yapabilirsiniz.